![]() ![]() However, the graphical user interface of Logo is minimal and not very attractive. UCBLogo, also known as Berkeley Logo, is a very popular implementation of this programming language. Over the years, there have been different implementations of the Logo programming language. Even though this seems easy, even simple Logo programs can generate complex images and this will be really interesting to young children who start learning programming. Basically, a Logo program will trace the steps taken by the cursor to generate a graphical image. There are other attributes also associated with the turtle, like colour, line width, etc. Another attribute is the location, which decides where in the 2D plane the cursor should be placed. One such attribute is the direction, which decides the direction in which the cursor should move. A ‘turtle’ in turtle graphics is a cursor, which can have a number of attributes. So, essentially, you can write a program in Logo, which when executed will draw a graphical image on your screen. In simple terms, turtle graphics is used to draw graphic images using programs. Although this definition is very precise, it may not give you a good idea about turtle graphics. Turtle graphics are vector graphics using a relative cursor on a Cartesian plane. Figure 1: The logo of UCBLogo Figure 2: The logo of KTurtle The most important aspect of Logo, and what makes it a very useful training tool, is its turtle graphics. These constructs can be used to train children in programming. Logo has conditional statements, loops, functions, recursion, file handling, etc, which are necessary parts of any general-purpose programming language. It is just a programming language specification. ![]() In a very a strict sense, Logo is not a programming language. It is described as a dialect of Lisp, a functional programming language. Logo can be called a general-purpose programming language. But an eight-year-old child who wants to learn programming should explore Logo, a programming language specifically designed for kids. In my opinion it will be slightly easier for a first-time learner to start with a language like Python that has its own shell, rather than languages like C or Java. The other important question is ‘What should be taught as the first programming language?’ Should it be a normal programming language like Python or Java, or should it be a programming language specifically designed to teach programming principles to children? Well, if you are a 15-year-old with good mathematical skills then start learning Python immediately. By that age, a child knows all the basic arithmetic necessary to do some sort of programming. All I could find were a bunch of articles sharing personal opinions.Ī child aged eight to ten years can start learning programming. I couldn’t find any scientific studies regarding this. Personal experiences aside, the important question is, ‘What is the right age to start learning programming?’ The answer is sure to be contested. This scholarship was established in her memory with contributions from her friends and family.I started learning programming when I was 15, and was quite okay with the idea of using computers to do something other than playing video games. She once took up the project of turning a large house into an adult foster care home, a project that went unfinished when she passed away at the age of 45. Well-suited for social work, Kathryn enjoyed her role as a social worker and dedicated her life to the profession. Kathryn advocated peer counseling for individuals with mental illness, actively promoting the approach throughout her career. ![]() She also helped to organize and found a nonprofit that later became the Consumer Survivor Network of Minnesota. Kathryn was a 24-hour social worker who would go to rummage sales to pick up things to meet different clients’ daily household needs. Kathryn found joy in helping others, especially when she could aid people to help and empower themselves. After graduating, she worked as a case manager in a mental health organization, and also worked running a group home. Becker Norman earned a bachelor’s degree in Social Work in 1974 and an MSW in 1976 from UW-Madison. ![]()
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